8-hour TWA exposure (air contaminants)
Used on the ASP, CSP and CHST. The worked example below is computed by code and checked against the source.
E = (Ca × Ta + Cb × Tb + … + Cn × Tn) ÷ 8
C = concentration during a period; T = hours at that concentration. E may not exceed the substance's 8-hour TWA in Subpart Z.
Worked example
OSHA example: 2 h at 150 ppm, 2 h at 75 ppm, 4 h at 50 ppm; limit 100 ppm.
(2 × 150 + 2 × 75 + 4 × 50) ÷ 8 = 81.25 ppm, under 100 ppm
The source prints this result, and our code reproduces it.
Where it appears on the exam
ASP: ASP11 Domain 1, Mathematical Calculations
Blueprint: ASP11 Domain 1, task 14: exposure assessments (TWA)
Practice: Exposure Assessment and Storage Capacity Calculations
CSP: CSP11 Domain 6, Occupational Health and Applied Science
Blueprint: CSP11 Domain 6, task 1: occupational exposures (hazardous chemicals)
Practice: Exposure, Noise, Containment and Lifting Calculations, Air Contaminants and Silica (General Industry)
CHST: CHST5 Domain 1, Hazard and Risk Identification and Control
Blueprint: CHST5 Domain 1, knowledge 21: chemical exposure
Source
The formula comes from
29 CFR 1910.1000(d)(1)(i)(opens ecfr.gov in a new tab)“The cumulative exposure for an 8-hour work shift shall be computed as follows: E = (Ca Ta + Cb Tb + . . .Cn Tn) ÷ 8 Where: E is the equivalent exposure for the working shift. C is the concentration during any period of time T where the concentration remains constant. T is the duration in hours of the exposure at the concentration C.”
Questions
- What is the formula for 8-hour TWA exposure (air contaminants)?
- E = (Ca × Ta + Cb × Tb + … + Cn × Tn) ÷ 8. C = concentration during a period; T = hours at that concentration. E may not exceed the substance's 8-hour TWA in Subpart Z.
- Will this formula be given on the BCSP exam?
- BCSP says the formula is included in the question whenever one is needed, unless the question is testing whether you know the formula. You can't bring a formula sheet into the exam, so learn what each formula does and when to use it.
BCSP on formulas at the exam
BCSP, What to Expect When Sitting for a BCSP Exam (item 7)(opens bcsp.org in a new tab)“For any question requiring a mathematical formula, the formula will be included within the exam question (unless the question is specifically testing your knowledge of a formula). You will not be provided or permitted to bring a formula sheet.”
Related
- Time-weighted average (TWA)
- Ceiling limit (C)
- Mixture of air contaminants
- Dilution ventilation
- Velocity from a smoke tube
- ASP formula sheet
- CSP formula sheet
- CHST formula sheet
Checked 2026-10-16. Spot a problem? Email hello@passcited.com.