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Safety and Health Programs, Leadership and Leading Indicators questions for the ASP

ASP11 Domain 2: Safety Programs and Concepts (2.1 Safety management systems; 2.11 Leading and lagging indicators). 3 free questions below. Every answer quotes and links the regulation paragraph it rests on.

Regulations covered

Text pulled from the eCFR, current as of .

Question 1

A distribution company runs a monthly hazard recognition and reporting class, and attendance records show near-perfect participation. However, when the safety coordinator spot-checks workers after the class, many still cannot say how to recognize and report certain hazards. The coordinator wants to use the leading indicator results to decide what to do next. Which action is most consistent with the guidance?

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Answer: B. Ask workers with experience or knowledge of the hazard for suggestions on hands-on training approaches and simulations that could be more effective

The guidance says that when workers still do not understand how to recognize and report hazards after regular training, you may want to ask experienced workers for hands-on training and simulation ideas. High attendance alone does not show the training is effective, and switching to injury counts or contractor audits does not address the training gap.

Answer B rests on

OSHA, Using Leading Indicators to Improve Safety and Health Outcomes (2019), PDF p. 14(opens ecfr.gov in a new tab)
“For example, a leading indicator may reveal that you offer regular training on how to recognize and report hazards, but workers still do not clearly understand how to recognize and report certain hazards after completing the training. In this example, you may want to ask workers that have experience or knowledge of the hazard for suggestions on hands on training approaches and simulations that could be more effective.”

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Question 2

A plant safety coordinator tracks the percentage of past-due action items from inspections and has set a goal of no more than 10% past due. At the end of the quarter, 40 action items were opened since the last inspection and 6 are still open past their due dates. What should the coordinator conclude and do?

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Answer: B. The goal was not met because 15% are past due, so find out why items were not completed and try to address the issue

6 of 40 is 15% past due, which exceeds the 10% ceiling, equal to completing fewer than 90% of the items. The standard directs you to find out why and address it. Comparing the raw count of 6 to 10 is wrong because the goal is a percentage.

Answer B rests on

OSHA, Using Leading Indicators to Improve Safety and Health Outcomes (2019), PDF p. 17(opens ecfr.gov in a new tab)
“If you did not complete at least 90% of your action items, find out why and try to address the issue.”

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Question 3

A safety coordinator tracks the percentage of inspection action items not completed as a leading indicator. Before the next review, the result is above 10%. In talking with workers, the coordinator learns that no procedure exists to make sure action items are finished by their due dates, and that giving the action item list to a manager might help. Which response is consistent with the guidance?

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Answer: B. Hold a meeting with workers to develop a procedure for completing action items on time, give the list to a manager after each inspection, and keep tracking the indicator

The cause found here is a missing procedure and lack of management follow-up, so the guidance calls for building a procedure with workers, giving the list to a manager, and continuing to track. Buying parts addresses a different cause, and dropping the indicator ignores the poor result.

Answer B rests on

OSHA, Using Leading Indicators to Improve Safety and Health Outcomes (2019), PDF p. 17(opens ecfr.gov in a new tab)
“You set a meeting with your workers to come up with a procedure for completing action items on time, begin giving the list of action items to a manager at the conclusion of each inspection, and continue to track your leading indicator.”

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